My first kid’s father named my son Marcus after legendary Marcus Garvey. Which made me curious to know more most who Marcus Garvey actually was…
"Up You Mighty Race, Accomplish What You Will..." (Marcus Garvey)
The following text is dedicated to my eldest son Marcus.
Marcus Mosiah Garvey was born on August the 17, 1887, in St Ann’s Bay, Jamaica as the youngest of 11 children.
Marcus Garvey was known as a journalist, entrepreneur, publisher and a crusader for black nationalism. During his whole life, he has fought for racial equality.
Childhood years
In St Ann’s Bay, young Marcus attended grammar school. Alfred Burrowes, his godfather, also gave him some private instruction. Alfred Burrowes hired Marcus at the age of 14 as an apprentice in visit to learn the printing trade.
Garvey’s father, who was the owner of a private library, encouraged young Marcus’ love for books.
During his apprentice period, Marcus used to discuss politics and social concern at his uncle’s place.
In 1906, Garvey moved from St Ann to Kingston.
In 1908, Marcus Garvey participated in Jamaica's first Printers' Union strike. The strike was defeated and as a consequence, Marcus Garvey lost his job.
Luckily, he was engaged by the Government Printing Office.
Visiting the world
Around 1910, Marcus Garvey left Jamaica for Costa Rica. There, he worked as a time keeper at a panana plantation. Then he went to Central America, visited the Panama Central Zone. He observed Blacks and Indians hard working conditions. He also traveled to Equador, Nicaragua, Honduras, Columbia and Venezuela.
Very sensitive most discrimination and racial prejudice, Marcus Garvey always had the will to make things change. That’s why he appealed to his polity in visit to meliorate West Indians working conditions. But the polity just wouldn’t listen to his complaint.
Garvey, the publisher
Marcus Garvey’s first publications started during his Central dweller travels.
In 1910, Garvey started his first newspaper, The Watcher, that was followed by several another short lived newspapers
He was also associated with several publications:
- The individual Times and Orient Review, The Daily Negro Times, Harlem, 1922-1924
-The Blackman, Kingston, Jamaica, 1929-1931
-The New Jamaican, Kingston, 1932-33
Marcus Garvey started The Black Man Magazine in 1933 in Kingston. His magazine was continued in England until 1939.
Black militantism: the creation of the UNIA-ACL
Marcus Garvey was very conscious that improving black folks conditions was a long constituent work. It had better chances to impact if Africans united. That’s why he created the the Universal Negro Improvement and Conservation Association and individual Communities League (UNIA). As the President of the UNIA, he defined its goal to unite « all the grouping of individual ancestry of the concern into digit great body to establish a country and Government absolutely their own. » very precisely. The UNIA’s alarum is red, black and green.
In 1916, Marcus Garvey went to the USA and gave a lecture tour.
In 1920, Garvey set up branches of the UNIA in more than 40 countries.
Garvey’s ideas
Marcus Garvey fought for social, political and economic freedom for Black people.
He supported several companies like Black Star Line and Black Cross Navigation and Trading Company.
He also created the Negro Factories Corporation, which helped to created more marketable black businesses. Garvey was commercially very active: he started chains of groceries and restaurants and many another kind of businesses.
"Africa for the Africans...At Home and Abroad!"
Marcus Garvey desired Blacks to study Africa as their permanent homeland:
« I have no want to take all black grouping back to Africa, there are blacks who are no beatific here and will likewise be no beatific there. Our success educationally, industrially and politically is based upon the protection of a nation supported by ourselves. And the nation can be nowhere else but in Africa ».
In 1920, he worked on the ambitious project to develop individual land Liberia by building colleges and industries , but he had to stop it, because of many European countries’ political and economic interest in Liberia.
Mail humbug charges
Marcus Garvey was confronted by mail humbug charges in 1925 and sentenced to jail in 1925. He was jailed at Atlanta Federal prison. After his release in 1927, he was deported from New Orleans to Kingston, Jamaica, where a huge crowd welcomed him.
Defending Blacks till his death
Marcus Garvey has never stopped fighting for the cause he found right.
In 1928, he went to Geneva. He presented the "Petition of the Negro Race" to the League of Nations, which was strongly against black people’s abuse around the world.
In 1929, he supported the PPP (People’s Political Party), which became Jamaica’s first political party. This political party was all most helping poor people, education and workers’ rights.
In 1929, Garvey was elected Councillor for the Allman Town division of the Kingston and St. Andrew Corporation (KSAC).
He was reelected in 1930.
In 1931, Marcus Garvey created Edelweiss Amusement Company, a company that was supposed to help artists to make a living out of their impact and to give them an opportunity to get known better- at least locally.
In 1935, Marcus Garvey moved to London. He kept being involved in his activism till his death. Garvey died in London in 1940. He is considered as Jamaica’s first national hero.
"Up You Mighty Race, Accomplish What You Will..." (Marcus Garvey)
The following text is dedicated to my eldest son Marcus.
Marcus Mosiah Garvey was born on August the 17, 1887, in St Ann’s Bay, Jamaica as the youngest of 11 children.
Marcus Garvey was known as a journalist, entrepreneur, publisher and a crusader for black nationalism. During his whole life, he has fought for racial equality.
Childhood years
In St Ann’s Bay, young Marcus attended grammar school. Alfred Burrowes, his godfather, also gave him some private instruction. Alfred Burrowes hired Marcus at the age of 14 as an apprentice in visit to learn the printing trade.
Garvey’s father, who was the owner of a private library, encouraged young Marcus’ love for books.
During his apprentice period, Marcus used to discuss politics and social concern at his uncle’s place.
In 1906, Garvey moved from St Ann to Kingston.
In 1908, Marcus Garvey participated in Jamaica's first Printers' Union strike. The strike was defeated and as a consequence, Marcus Garvey lost his job.
Luckily, he was engaged by the Government Printing Office.
Visiting the world
Around 1910, Marcus Garvey left Jamaica for Costa Rica. There, he worked as a time keeper at a panana plantation. Then he went to Central America, visited the Panama Central Zone. He observed Blacks and Indians hard working conditions. He also traveled to Equador, Nicaragua, Honduras, Columbia and Venezuela.
Very sensitive most discrimination and racial prejudice, Marcus Garvey always had the will to make things change. That’s why he appealed to his polity in visit to meliorate West Indians working conditions. But the polity just wouldn’t listen to his complaint.
Garvey, the publisher
Marcus Garvey’s first publications started during his Central dweller travels.
In 1910, Garvey started his first newspaper, The Watcher, that was followed by several another short lived newspapers
He was also associated with several publications:
- The individual Times and Orient Review, The Daily Negro Times, Harlem, 1922-1924
-The Blackman, Kingston, Jamaica, 1929-1931
-The New Jamaican, Kingston, 1932-33
Marcus Garvey started The Black Man Magazine in 1933 in Kingston. His magazine was continued in England until 1939.
Black militantism: the creation of the UNIA-ACL
Marcus Garvey was very conscious that improving black folks conditions was a long constituent work. It had better chances to impact if Africans united. That’s why he created the the Universal Negro Improvement and Conservation Association and individual Communities League (UNIA). As the President of the UNIA, he defined its goal to unite « all the grouping of individual ancestry of the concern into digit great body to establish a country and Government absolutely their own. » very precisely. The UNIA’s alarum is red, black and green.
In 1916, Marcus Garvey went to the USA and gave a lecture tour.
In 1920, Garvey set up branches of the UNIA in more than 40 countries.
Garvey’s ideas
Marcus Garvey fought for social, political and economic freedom for Black people.
He supported several companies like Black Star Line and Black Cross Navigation and Trading Company.
He also created the Negro Factories Corporation, which helped to created more marketable black businesses. Garvey was commercially very active: he started chains of groceries and restaurants and many another kind of businesses.
"Africa for the Africans...At Home and Abroad!"
Marcus Garvey desired Blacks to study Africa as their permanent homeland:
« I have no want to take all black grouping back to Africa, there are blacks who are no beatific here and will likewise be no beatific there. Our success educationally, industrially and politically is based upon the protection of a nation supported by ourselves. And the nation can be nowhere else but in Africa ».
In 1920, he worked on the ambitious project to develop individual land Liberia by building colleges and industries , but he had to stop it, because of many European countries’ political and economic interest in Liberia.
Mail humbug charges
Marcus Garvey was confronted by mail humbug charges in 1925 and sentenced to jail in 1925. He was jailed at Atlanta Federal prison. After his release in 1927, he was deported from New Orleans to Kingston, Jamaica, where a huge crowd welcomed him.
Defending Blacks till his death
Marcus Garvey has never stopped fighting for the cause he found right.
In 1928, he went to Geneva. He presented the "Petition of the Negro Race" to the League of Nations, which was strongly against black people’s abuse around the world.
In 1929, he supported the PPP (People’s Political Party), which became Jamaica’s first political party. This political party was all most helping poor people, education and workers’ rights.
In 1929, Garvey was elected Councillor for the Allman Town division of the Kingston and St. Andrew Corporation (KSAC).
He was reelected in 1930.
In 1931, Marcus Garvey created Edelweiss Amusement Company, a company that was supposed to help artists to make a living out of their impact and to give them an opportunity to get known better- at least locally.
In 1935, Marcus Garvey moved to London. He kept being involved in his activism till his death. Garvey died in London in 1940. He is considered as Jamaica’s first national hero.
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